Under batai system, the peasants were given the choice of paying in cash or in kind, though the state preferred cash. Akbar's Ancestors. The land which remained under cultivation almost every year was called ‘polaj.’. Todar Mal was a brilliant revenue officer of his time. Underline the chief characteristics of Mansabdari system, Discuss the way it organized the Mughal administration. In 1573, just after returning from Gujarat expedition, Akbar paid personal attention to the land revenue system. He had a centralized administration. publication of the historian V. A. Smith’s Akbar the Great Mogul in 1917. In 1573, just after returning from Gujarat expedition, Akbar paid personal attention to the land revenue system. Write down the broad features of Akbar administration policy Ask for details ; Follow Report by Madhursharma1976 04.08.2019 Log in to add a comment Characteristics of Akbar Chapter 21 Akbar, as seen in middle life, was a man of moderate stature, perhaps five foot seven inches in height, strongly built, neither too slight nor too stout, broad-chested, narrow-waisted, and long-armed. It goes to the credit of Akbar that the subsequent Mughal rulers followed in principle the administrative policy developed by him. Cloudflare Ray ID: 63174a4abe59fdd9 He was a strong administrator who … You may need to download version 2.0 now from the Chrome Web Store. Akbar gave the Mughal India one official language (Per­sian), a uniform administrative system and coinage, and a common system of weights and measures. The Mughal mansabdars were paid very handsomely; in fact, their salaries were probably the highest in the world at the time. He believed in universal toleration in the matter of religion and so people of all faiths enjoyed full freedom of conscience and worship. Though Akbar adopted Sher Shah’s administrative system, he did not find it that much beneficial hence he had started his own administrative system. Akbar’s administrative system can be grouped under two heads: Central Administration Provincial Administration Though Akbar adopted Sher Shah’s administrative system, he did not find it that much beneficial hence he had started his own administrative system. Akbar, the greatest of the Mughal emperors of India. Akbar was a sort of mystic, dreamer and visionary and never an orthodox Muslim. Akbar adopted a policy of conciliation and conquest towards Rajputs states. ADMINISTRATION One of the significant contributions of Akbar’s reign was the establishment of an efficient administrative system. ADVERTISEMENTS: Akbar was an enlightened and successful administrator. Abul Fazl explained that the empire was divided into provinces called subas , governed by a subadar who carried out both political and military functions. The zabti system, originally, is associated with Raja Todar Mal (one of the nobles of Akbar), therefore, sometimes, it is called as Todar Mal's bandobast. If you are on a personal connection, like at home, you can run an anti-virus scan on your device to make sure it is not infected with malware. 2. Therefore, these crops were called as cash-crops. It was 12 during Akbar’s time (and 21 during Aurangazeb’s). Akbar hardly brought any changes in the organization of local government. Under batai system, the produce was divided between the peasants and the state in a fixed proportion. Provincial Administration. • Akbar was born and brought up in a illiterate and foul atmosphere characterized by excessive drinking, womanizing and drug addiction. Different departments such as military, judicial and revenue performed their duties well. Akbar gave the Mughal India one official language (Persian), a uniform administrative system and coinage and a common system of weights and measures. Abu Akbar is given the title of one of the greatest rulers in Asian history. So every religious people loved him with profound respect. The Subedar or Governor was the head of the provincial administration. A revision of the life-story and achievements of Akbar has thus become imperative. Akbar was deeply interested in the development and extension of cultivation; therefore, he offered taccavi (loans) to the peasants for seeds, equipment, animals, etc. In the case of crops such as cotton, indigo, oil-seeds, sugarcane, etc., the state demand was customarily in cash. Administrative Units. Another way to prevent getting this page in the future is to use Privacy Pass. Briefly write about the administration of Akbar. Princes of the blood received higher mansabs. Rs. Most likely (but not confirmed), under the nasaq system, a rough calculation was made on the basis of the past revenue receipts paid by the peasants. Please enable Cookies and reload the page. Akbar's Administrative System Akbar adopted Sher Shah’s administrative system, he did not find it that much beneficial hence he had started his own administrative system. The word ‘zat’ means personal. Under the zabti system, the shown area was measured by means of the bamboos attached with iron rings. Akbar – Provincial administration – 3. The Subadar carried out … He reigned from 1556 to 1605 and extended Mughal power over most of the Indian subcontinent. Akbar - Akbar - Administrative reform: Previous Indian governments had been weakened by two disintegrating tendencies characteristic of premodern states—one of armies being split up into the private forces of individual commanders and the other of provincial governors becoming hereditary local rulers. The character of Akbar was that of a gentleman. Officials … https://www.excellup.com/sudha_r/7_history/7_history_chapter_4_2.aspx Akbar’s administrative policies were mentioned in Abul Fazl’s book the Akbar Nama, particularly in its third and last volume, the Ain-i Akbari In the book Abul Fazl explained that the empire was divided into provinces known as Subas, governed by a Subadar. In the time of Akbar’s successors he began to be called Nazim. Though one-third of the average produce was the state demand, it varied according to the productivity of the land, the method of assessment, etc. Officials called as ‘karoris’ Sipah-Salar [The Governor]: The head of provincial administration was the governor, officialy called as Sipah-Salar. On the death of his intimate friend, Abul […] The present author has undertaken the difficult task of writing an authoritative history of Akbar’s reign in three … Apart from cavalrymen, bowmen, musketeers (bandukchi), sappers, and miners were also recruited in the contingents. Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. The provincial administra­tion developed by Akbar was based on the principles of ‘uniformity’ and ‘check and balance’. Akbar introduced a new land measurement system (known as the zabti system) covering from Lahore to Allahabad, including Malwa and Gujarat. Akbar divided his empire into 15 Subas (provinces) and each Suba was under the charge of a Subedar. In this video you will learn about the administrative policies followed by Akbar and the officials in his kingdom.This is a product of Mexus Education Pvt. Officials called as ‘karoris’ were appointed throughout the north India. Provincial Administration: Akbar divided his vast empire into fifteen (15) Subas or provinces. Akbar (Hindustani:[əkbər]; 14 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), known as Akbar the Great, was Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. Besides zabti system, a number of other systems of assessment were also introduced by Akbar. The work begins: There had been an order issued, 'Write down whatever you know of the doings of Firdous-Makani (Babur) and … Karoris were responsible for the collection of a crore of dams (i.e. He established the heritage of Mughal administration and looked after the welfare of the people through a strong central government. If you are at an office or shared network, you can ask the network administrator to run a scan across the network looking for misconfigured or infected devices. 500/month; During the Mughal period, there was as such no income tax. It fixed the personal status of a person, and also his salary. Raja Todar Mal was another trustable of Akbar who used to be the finance minister of Akbar. Akbar organized and strengthened his army and encouraged the mansabdari system. This was done by converting the state share into money on the basis of a schedule of average prices over the past ten years. Important features of Akbar’s administration are given below: […] Administration during Akbar Rule When Akbar came to the throne he made it sure that his people were well taken care of. The land which had been fallow for two to three years was called ‘chachar,’ and if longer than that, it was known as ‘banjar.’. Raja Man Singh served as the General in Akbar’s court and he used to assist Akbar in administration … Abu'l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad was born at the Umerkot fort in Sind on October 15, 1542. ), and what she remembered of Babur. The land was also classified as good, middling, and bad. He abolished pilgrim tax Jizyah and tax from non-Muslim in lieu of military service. Answer Akbar's administrative policies were mentioned in Abul Fazl's book the Akbar Nama, particularly in its third and last volume, the Ain-i Akbari In the book Abul Fazl explained that the empire was divided into provinces known as Subas , … Akbar’s revenue administration was a continuation administration of that of Sher Shah. In 1582, he established a new cult with the combination of all other religious … He also went on to write Akbar’s biography which is titled-‘Ain-i-Akbari’. The third type of system, which was widely used (particularly in Bengal) in Akbar's time was nasaq. However, such a choice was given when the crops had been ruined by natural calamity. In each suba or province there was a Subedar, a Diwan, a Bakshi, a Sadar, a Qazi, a Kotwal, a Mir Bahr and Waqa-i-Nawis. This system required no actual measurement, however, the area was ascertained from the records. He was the third and greatest ruler of the Mughal Dynasty in India. 250,000). He first served on Sher Shah’s court, but later joined Akbar. Akbar later asked his aunt, Gulbadan Begum, to write a biography of her brother, the Humayun nameh (or Humayun-nama etc. He married Jodha Bia, the daughter of a Rajput King, Raja Bihari Mal of Amber. In order to preserve the unity of his empire, Akbar adopted programs that won the loyalty of the non-Muslim populations of his realm. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. The lowest rank was 10, and the highest was 5,000 for the nobles; however, towards the end of the reign, it was raised to 7,000. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India. Babur and Humayun had little time to take any initiative in formulating any administrative policy worth the name. Military Administration: Akbar paid much attention towards the organization, equipment and discipline of the army. Cess on Parati land was at the full (polaj) rate when it was cultivated. In 1580, Akbar instituted a new system called the dahsala; under this system, the average produce of different crops along with the average prices prevailing over the last ten (dah) years were calculated. The peasants were allowed to choose between zabti and batai under certain conditions. Akbar's ancestors were barbarous and vicious, and so were his descendants like Aurangzeb and others' down the line. Your IP: 130.211.115.14 The administrative agency in the provinces (subah) was an exact miniature of that of the central government. 100 zat, received a monthly salary of Rs. Akbar made policy to recover the loans in easy installments. However, the state demand was stated in cash. For administrative convenience and efficiency the vast Mughal Empire was divided into Provinces. The broad features of administration were laid down by Akbar and were elaborately discussed by Abul Fazl in his book, the Akbar Nama, in particular in its last volume, the Ain-i Akbari. Mughal Emperor Akbar, also known as Akbar the great, was a dutiful son, an indulgent brother and father and a loving husband. When the land left uncultivated, it was called ‘parati’ (fallow). His character was that of a faithful friends and he did everything to advance their interest. The ‘sawar’ rank indicated the number of cavalrymen (sawars) a person was required to maintain. Under the mansabdari system, every officer was assigned a rank (mansab). Akbar promulgated a new creed knows as ‘Din-i-Ilahi’. High officials were Dewan, Mir Bakshi, Khan-i-Jahan and Sadar-i-Sadar. “Mansab” is an Arabic word, which means ‘rank’ or ‘position.’. Characteristics Of Akbar; Characteristics Of Akbar. Akbar’s reign was also noted for good governance and administration. Abul Fazl was the chief advisor to Akbar. Administrative system of Akbar: Akbar was a good organizer and administrator. 1765 Words 8 Pages. Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues. Akbar allowed the Jesuits to construct a church at Agra, and strictly restricted on the slaughter of cattle out of respect for Hindu custom. The most common and, perhaps the oldest one was ‘batai’ or ‘ghalla-bakshi.’. The mansabs (ranks) were categorized as −. Out of his personal pay, the mansabdar was expected to maintain a corps of elephants, camels, mules, and carts, which were necessary for the transport of the army. • For efficient military administration he introduced a new system known as the Mansabdari System. In 1573, just after returning from Gujarat expedition, Akbar paid personal attention to the land revenue system. The number of provinces varied from time to time. Write a short note on Akbar's administrative policies.
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