Akbar restructured the army and introduced a new system called the mansabdari system. In the Mansabdari system no Jagirs were granted for the purpose of paying salaries. Privacy Policy3. These were: Agra, Ahmedabad, Ahmednagar, Ajmer, Allahabad, Awadh, Bengal, Berar, Bihar, Delhi, Kabul, Khandar, Lahore, Malwa and Multan. Getting pay on timeb. Jahangir and Shah Jahan followed Akbar’s policy in principle. Akbar’s reign was also noted for good governance and administration. Would you like to get the full Thesis from Shodh ganga along with citation details? Akbar set the firm base for the provincial administration by fixing the territories of the provincial units and establishing a uniform administrative model subjected to minor amendment to suit local circumstances. Akbar dispatched his troops with Yusuf Shah Chak under Raja Man Singh’s command. Answer: Abul Fazl, one of Akbar’s close friends and courtiers, wrote a three-volume history of the reign of Akbar. Every officer was given a mansab or a rank, and was called a mansabdar. Sipah-Salar [The Governor]: The head of provincial administration was the governor, officialy called as Sipah-Salar. • Sadar- I- Sadr: He was deployed as the head of the religious advisory whose task was to maintain religious unity. PARAUTI- Land left fallow after one harvest for almost 2 years to regain lost fertility.c. Akbar had a Council of Ministers to assist him in the discharge of his administrative responsibilities and state of affairs. Every civil and military official was given a mansab and was called a Mansabdar. Akbar – Provincial administration – 3. He looked after the imperial house-hold. The system was for ten years. Akbar was uneducated and had never been into formal studies but his ideas were immensely expressed and well planned that were instrumental in bringing changes in the overall decorum of the society. A mansabdar got his salary from the royal treasury. By continuing to use our website, you agree to our. Akbar’s Administrative System. He looked after the revenues of the state. He was also the head of the intelligence agencies of the empire. Provinces were divided into Sarkars, Sarkars into Parganas and Parganas into villages. Every officer was given a mansab or a rank, and was called a mansabdar. They were graded according to their rank, salary and military responsibilities which depended upon a numerical value, known as zat. Akbar was the head of the kingdom under who were all the offices and officials. Normally state officers did not interfere in the village affairs. BANJAR –The infertile land that was not cultivable. AKBAR’S ADMINISTRATION :The administrative machinery of the Mughuls, which functioned throughout the Mughul’s rule, was introduced by Akbar and that is why, by ‘Mughul Administration’, we mean Akbar’s Administration. the Mughal Military consisted of the army maintained by the state, army of the Amirs and the army under the control of the officers. This document is highly rated by Class 7 students and has been viewed 684 times. He reformed the army and administration of the provinces which led to greater centralization of powers and authority in Akbar himself. It was titled as Akbar Nama. Baz Bahadur temporarily regained control of Malwa until, in the next year, Akbar sent another Mughal army to invade and annex the kingdom. Akbar was the centre of all powers—civil, judicial, military and religious. Akbar divided his empire into fifteen provinces. Thus Mansabdari was a system in which the rank of a government official was determined. Each province had a set of officials representing the branches of state activity, which made control over provinces more effective. Ministers in Mughal Administration During the reign of Akbar there were only four ministers, namely Wakil, Diwan or Wazir, Mir Bakhsi and Sadr-us-Sadur. One was giving them Jagirs (land) wherefrom they got their salaries. He was the Supreme Commander of the army. To manage the vast empire and organize the army, Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system. [27] Soon after the battle, Mughal forces occupied Delhi and then Agra. There were two methods of making payments to the nobles. Only Aurangzeb reversed the policy of Akbar. Under this system, the average produce of different crops as well as the average price prevailing over the last 10 years was calculated and accordingly land reveue was fixed. The administration of Aurangzeb’s was completely in his hands . The higher the zat, the higher was the rank and the salary of the mansabdar. Ain-i Akbari is the third volume. The Military divisione. In 1573, just after returning from Gujarat expedition, Akbar paid personal attention to the land revenue system. Indian History, Mughal Emperors, Akbar, Administration, Administration of Akbar. This was because … Qazi looked after justice. They were graded according to their rank, salary and military responsibilities which depended upon a numerical value, known as zat. The posts of Wakil and Wazir were combined together afterwards and the holder of the post was called Vakil-i-Mutlaq. Then he and Bairam Khan returned to Punjab, to deal with Sikandar Shah, who had become active again. Military Administration According to the historians Akbar had the most well equipped and decorated army with high morals which were the result of a planned system. • Qazi: He was a local judge who took care of small judiciary matters that could be solved in small time limits.• Kotwaal: He took charge of the law and order situation on state levels.• Mir Baksh:  He was In-Charge of local taxes and collection of revenue for the state welfare.• Waqr-I-Nawis: They were secret detectives and spy services. It was amazing to see a system of such a caliber which took in account all the flaws and rendered a completely un-chaotic plan. He took charge of giving pays to the provincial officers. • Diwan: Were of two categories:A. Mansabdars- Who checked audited and controlled the finances.B. Akbar’s ideal of Kingship. XVI. (ii) Parauti land was left uncultivated after every crop to regain its productivity, (iii) Chachhar land was left uncultivated for 3 to 4 years. Like many Central Asian armies, the mughal army was horse-oriented. The King had the authority to pronounce capital punishment. All appointments, promotions or dismissals depended on his decision and orders. Three categories of Polaj and Parauti land. During Akbar’s reign there were many courts, the highest in rank being the King himself. There were three systems of land revenue: This system was prevalent in the areas from Lahore to Allahabad and in Malwa and Gujarat. Each province was under the charge of Subedar (Governor). The Mansabdars had to maintain soldiers according to his grade or rank. Concentration of all power in the King:. He had separate laws for Muslim or Islamic laws. His gratitude to God should be shown in just government and due recognition of merit.”, image source: aura.edu.in/read/icse/icse-7/history_and_civics/original/Page-066.jpg. Akbar’s infallible administrative system proves his very wise acumen for bringing about greater changes in the political chaos of a country which was an amalgamation of a bouquet of religions; the major ones being the Hindus and the Muslims. Akbar maintained a navy of fight the Europeans but it was not strengthened by his successors. It deals with Akbar’s administration, household, army, the revenues and the geography of his empire. Akbar organized and strengthened his army … Its working and other details are mentioned in the literary work Ain - i - Akbari by Abul Fazi. Important features of Akbar’s administration are given below:. Akbar set about reforming the administration of his empire's land revenue by adopting a system that had been used by Sher Shah Suri. He reigned from 1556 to 1605 and extended Mughal power over most of the Indian subcontinent. This covered most of the empire. In order to preserve the unity of his empire, Akbar adopted programs that won the loyalty of the non-Muslim … For efficient military administration he introduced a new system known as the Mansabdari System. Important features of Akbar’s administration are given below: Akbar’s ideal of Kingship. ie: Pargana < Chakla < Mahal. He coordinated the work of all other ministers. Akbar was not only a brave soldier, a successful leader and a great religious reformer but also a great administrator. a. TOS4. Akbar was an enlightened and successful administrator. He introduced some important reforms like the famous Mansabdari System and paying his officers in cash instead of granting them Jagirs. The army … Under the rule of Akbar the kingdom was divided into 15 Subas to manage the administration without any problems. Mar 08, 2021 - Akbar – Administration and Policies Class 7 Notes | EduRev is made by best teachers of Class 7. Other important high officials who assisted the king were Mir Atish who supervised the artillery, Daroga-i-Taksal, supervisor of royal mint and Daroga-i-Daak, supervisor of the mail. Granting them tax free rations. Likewise other Ministers became powerful. To manage the vast empire and organize the army, Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system. The ranks and pay of the officers were based on the horses they retained. It also provides rich details about the traditions and culture of the people living in India. The revenue officials were instructed not to be harsh with the farmers. The petitions were promptly attended to on the spot or later in the open hall of public audience (Diwan-i-am). He was the head of the establishment department. Provincial Administration. The most interesting aspect about the Ain-i Akbari is its rich statistical details … The Provincial or State governancec. The higher the zat, the higher was the rank and the salary of the mansabdar. Departments under the Mughal Empire Important Departments Functions Diwan-i-Wazarat Department of revenue & finances Diwan-i-Arz Military department Diwan-i-Rasalatmuhtasib Foreign affairs department Diwan-i-insha Custodian of govt. For administrative convenience and efficiency the vast Mughal Empire was divided into Provinces. Mughal Administration ... but the contribution of Khwaja Mansur and Mir Fathulla Shirazi to the building up of Akbar's revenue administration was perhaps equally great. 14. These officials were: • Subedar:  He was the overall In-charge of Provincial development.• Diwaan: He solicited the matters of finances and bills. All his officers and ministers of Administration were kept under his strict control and were never allowed to share with him the initiation or formation of policy. Its main features are discussed below:- 1. The second was making cash payment. Administration during Akbar period. Malwa became a province of the nascent imperial administration of Akbar's regime. • Sadr: He took care of state level judicial matters and helped people who were needy to get charity. He also looked after the control of the royal body guards and etiquettes in the court. Though the majority of the Rajput states surrendered to Akbar, the Ranas of Mewar continued to confront even though they were defeated several times. He established a centralized administration. Get the answers you need, now!
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